Braddy

EARTH
SCIENCES

Dr Simon J. Braddy

Academic address
Email: S.J.Braddy@bristol.ac.uk
Office: L127
Telephone: +44 (0)117 954 5368

ACADEMIC CAREER

2000—Present. MSc Palaeobiology Tutor

1997—2000. Post-doctoral researcher: Early terrestrial ichnofaunas: tracking the early terrestrial arthropods. (Funding: Leverhulme Trust).

1992 - 1996. University of Manchester
PhD: Palaeobiology of the Eurypterida. (Funding: NERC)

1. Research interests

My PhD research [see below] was concerned with eurypterid (sea-scorpion) palaeobiology, particularly their reproduction, respiration (involving exceptionally preserved fossils from the Soom Shale Lagerstätte in South Africa), and walking biomechanics. This work demonstrated that eurypterids were much more scorpion-like than previously thought, in terms of their palaeobiology, supporting a closer (sister-group) relationship between the eurypterids and scorpions than some arachnologists have proposed. Understanding the palaeobiology and evolution of fossil aquatic chelicerates is fundamental to understanding the origin and relationships of the modern terrestrial arachnids. I also investigated eurypterid evolution and palaeoecology: their palaeobiology, and distribution of their body and trace fossils supports a “mass-moult-mate” hypothesis – that eurypterids congregated en-masse in marginal environments to spawn, like modern Limulus. Computer modelling and trackway analysis revealed that eurypterids were not well adapted for walking on land, generally using an in-phase swimming stroke, like Limulus.

Trace fossils provide important evidence for the history of life. They can be used to determine the diversity, environmental distribution and behaviour of extinct animals. Early terrestrial arthropods are known from famous sites such as the Rhynie Chert, Gilboa and Ludford Lane, but their body fossil record is severely limited. My post-doctoral research focused on the invasion of land, particularly the role of terrestrial trace fossils in interpreting the colonization of land, and subsequent diversification of various arthropod groups at the birth of terrestrial ecosystems. Computer modelling proved a powerful tool to clarify the producers (and their behaviour) of terrestrial arthropod trackways, and elucidate the concept of a 'functional threshold' (i.e. a transition from in-phase to more stable out-of-phase gaits as arthropods moved onto land). This work included the report of the earliest landfall of arthropods in the late Cambrian (based on new trackways from a coastal dune setting in Ontario, Canada), significantly extending the invasion of land by ca. 50 million years (published in Geology, reported in Nature and various international news media). Several other (new, or poorly known) assemblages of trace fossils were documented, which considerably improved the non-marine record, and cluster analysis revealed palaeoecological / palaeobiogeographic patterns of Palaeozoic arthropod terrestrialization.

My current research interests largely concern arthropod palaeobiology and terrestrial trace fossils. With my research group (see 2, below) and various international collaborators, I have been investigating: (i) the phylogenetic relationships of anomalocaridids and ‘arachnomorph’ arthropods (i.e. chelicerates, trilobites and various Cambrian arthropods from e.g. the Burgess Shale and Chengjiang faunas; (ii) Palaeozoic chelicerate systematics and evolution; xiphosurans, eurypterids, chasmataspidids, and arachnids; (iii) Gigantism in Palaeozoic arthropods; (iv) Terrestrial trace fossils, particularly from the Devonian, Permian and Triassic; (v) Vertebrate trace fossils (particularly fish, pelycosaurs and dinosaurs) and their biomechanical implications; (vi) applications of trace fossils in the oil industry; ichnofacies and ichnofabrics can be used to determine the environmental characteristics of reservoir rocks, correlate hydrocarbon reservoir horizons, and influence porosity and permeability within reservoirs; (vii) Palaeozoic palaeoecology and macroevolution.

1.1 PhD abstract

Braddy, S. J. 1996. The Palaeobiology of the Eurypterida. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis. University of Manchester, 505 pp.

The palaeobiology of the eurypterids (Eurypterida: Chelicerata), particularly their respiration, reproduction and locomotion, is investigated. Exceptionally preserved material from the Upper Ordovician of South Africa is described, displaying internal tissues such as the musculature associated with the appendages and telson. Additionally, material from the basal Carboniferous of France is described, displaying a possible endosternite, gut trace and lamellate gills. Eurypterid reproduction is reviewed and mating via spermatophore transfer on the substrate (in at least Baltoeurypterus) is proposed; the type A appendage (female) able to retrieve a spermatophore for storage in her spermathecae ('horn organs'). The 'scimitar lobes' (male) are considered to have been clasping structures. Eurypterid respiration is interpreted as having involved lamellate gills within the branchial chambers for aquatic respiration and accessory Kiemenplatten (gill tracts), situated on the sternite for accessory aerial respiration and/or osmoregulation. Discussion on eurypterid respiration is provided, including comparisons with extant Crustacea and a study of the respiratory surface area of several Kiemenplatten-bearing forms, which indicates that smaller eurypterids had proportionally larger Kiemenplatten.

In an integrated study involving computer modelling and a study of eurypterid trackways, the likely walking techniques that the eurypterids would have employed are described. While functional studies indicate that eurypterids used out-of-phase walking techniques, their trackways indicate that they used in-phase, hexapodous and octopodous gaits. Comparisons are made between computer generated trackways and actual fossil trackways, in an attempt to determine the producer of the trackways. The swimming techniques that the eurypterids may have employed are discussed. The ‘post-telson’ structure is regarded as a hydrodynamic sensor and not a sting, as previously suggested. A role for the eurypterid cuticular and marginal ornamentation in decreasing boundary layer turbulence and drag is proposed.

An ichnotaxonomic review of eurypterid and arachnid trackways is presented. The ichnospecies concept is discussed. While ichnotaxonomy using morphological criteria alone is crucial, variations due to behavioural and/or preservational factors, where apparent, should not be used in ichnospecific diagnoses of trackways. The ichnotaxonomy of Palmichnium Richter, 1954 is reviewed. Eight ichnospecies are here recognised: P. palmatum Richter, 1954, P. stoermeri Briggs and Rolfe, 1983, P. kosinskiorum Briggs and Rolfe, 1983, P. gallowayi (Sharpe, 1932), P. antarcticum (Gevers et al., 1971), P. pottsae Braddy and Anderson, 1996, P. capensis (Anderson, 1975) and P. macdonaldi Braddy, 1995a. Considerable synonymy is recognised in Paleohelcura Gilmore, 1926 and Octopodichnus Gilmore, 1927. Paleohelcura is reduced to P. tridactyla Gilmore, 1926, P. benjamini (Gilmore, 1926) and P. badensis Kozur et al., 1994. Octopodichnus is reduced to O. didactylus Gilmore, 1927 and O. minor Brady, 1947.

Eurypterid palaeoecology is reviewed. Kjellesvig-Waeringís 'ecological phases' model is rejected in favour of a model whereby individual taxa have a palaeoecological range influenced by an ‘ontogenetic gradient’. A ‘mass-moult-mate’ hypothesis, comparable to the behaviour adopted by some extant semi-terrestrial crustaceans, is proposed to explain the occurrence of abundant eurypterid assemblages (e.g. the Bertie Waterlime), previously regarded as mass death assemblages.

Eurypterid taxonomy is briefly discussed, including a reassessment of the diversity of the Turin Hill (Midland Valley of Scotland) eurypterid assemblage. A cladistic analysis is performed on the more completely known eurypterid genera (48 taxa, 19 characters) which proposes the following model of eurypterid phylogeny: (Stylonurina (Eurypteroidea (Adelophthalmidae (Hughmilleriidae (Carcinosomatidae (Mixopteroidea + Megalograptoidea)) (Slimonioidae + Pterygotoidae))))). The relationship between eurypterids and other chelicerates is discussed. A closer relationship between the eurypterids and scorpions, relative to the other arachnids, is supported, rendering the Arachnida polyphyletic.

2. My Research Group

2.1 PhD students

2001-2004. NERC. Rachel Moore. Origin and early evolution of the chelicerates (with Derek Briggs).

2001-2004. Norwegian Research Council. O. Erik Tetlie. Eurypterid phylogeny and the origin of arachnids (with Derek Briggs).

2002-current. NERC (CASE: Shell). Richard Porter. Continental ichnofacies and ichnofabrics (with Mike Benton and Brian Williams [Univ. Aberdeen]).

2003-2006 (UWE). UWE Scholarship and Shell. Lance Morrissey. Integrating trace fossils, sedimentology and trace element geochemistry as correlative tools in Old Red Sandstone reservoir rocks (with Sue Marriott [UWE], and Brian Williams [Univ. Aberdeen]).

2003-current. NERC. Nicholas Minter. Tracking ancient animals: a Lower Permian terrestrial ichnofauna from New Mexico (with Mike Benton).

2005-current. NERC (CASE: NHM) Mark Bell. Gigantism in Palaeozoic arthropods: palaeobiological and phylogenetic perspectives (with Richard Fortey [NHM]).

2.2. M.Sc students

Class of 1999

Suzanne Bowie. Reconstructions of Cloudina and a new skeletalised fossil from the Precambrian of South Africa. Supervised by Simon Braddy and Derek Briggs.

Abigail Lane. The walking techniques of Burgess Shale arthropods: a functional and ichnological investigation. Supervised by Simon Braddy and Derek Briggs.

Myles McCleod. Theropod ichnotaxonomy and new dinosaur tracks from the Yorkshire coast. Supervised by Simon Braddy.

Class of 2000

Louisa New. Trace fossils and palaeoenvironment at Garden Cliff. Supervised by Clive Trueman and Simon Braddy.

Stephen Rawlinson. The functional morphology of raptorial appendages in predatory fossil arthropods. Supervised by Simon Braddy.

Andrew Smith. An Early Devonian ichnofauna from South Wales and producer diversity from functional analysis. Supervised by Simon Braddy.

Class of 2001

Bjorn Brooks. The colonisation of land by arthropods: a functional analysis and ichnological investigation. Supervised by Simon Braddy and Derek Briggs.

Benjamin Davies. Pelycosaur limb posture: implications for locomotion. Supervised by Simon Braddy.

Caroline Milner. A cladistic analysis of chelicerate phylogeny. Supervised by Simon Braddy and Derek Briggs.

Lance Morrissey. The biological affinity of the enigmatic ichnotaxon Beaconites in association with a non-marine ichnofauna from the Early Devonian of southwest Wales. Supervised by Simon Braddy and Paul Pearson.

Renate Ritchie. A new species of Brachiosolaster (Asteroidea) From the Middle Lias starfish bed of Dorset. Supervised by Simon Braddy.

Class of 2002

Mark Britten (P/T). Phylogeny of the Arachnomorpha. Supervised by Simon Braddy.

John Cunningham. Cenozoic stomatopod crustaceans from California and northern Italy. Supervised by Cees Hof and Simon Braddy.

Daniel Fitton. The Writhlington phalangiotarbids: systematics and ontogeny. Supervised by Simon Braddy and Jason Dunlop.

Derek Hill. The biomechanical implications of gigantism in stylonurid eurypterids. Supervised by Simon Braddy.

Claire Pepper. Gigantism and respiration in Carboniferous Palaeoptera – an evolutionary perspective. Supervised by Simon Braddy.

Jessica Pollitt. The morphology and phylogenetic position of the enigmatic, extinct arachnid Order Phalangiotarbida Haase, 1890. Supervised by Simon Braddy and Jason Dunlop.

Class of 2003

Simon Clabby. Dinosaur footprints of the Wessex sub-basin and correlation with associated faunas. Supervised by Simon Braddy

Timothy Coussens. The phylogeny of the Anomalocaridids. Supervised by Simon Braddy

Sally Haseman. A diverse ichnofauna from the Lower Silurian of central China and its palaeoenvironmental implications. Supervised by Simon Braddy

Alexei Rivera. The length of the metazoan phylogenetic fuse: evolutionary and preservational constraints allow a late Neoproterozoic origin of the Metazoa. Supervised by Mike Benton and Simon Braddy.

Hector Rivera. Dinosaur from the Mixteca region in central Mexico. Supervised by Mike Benton and Simon Braddy.

Hannah Tibbs. The phylogenetic affinities of aglaspidid arthropods. Supervised by Simon Braddy.

Kate Yarrington. Sexual dimorphism in anthracomartid arachnids: a reassessment. Supervised by Simon Braddy and Jason Dunlop.

Class of 2004

Jacqueline Barber. Ontogeny in pterygotid eurypterids. Supervised by Simon Braddy and Erik Tetlie.

Tara Dillon. The stratigraphic value of Cruziana and Rusohycus in Gondwana. Supervised by Simon Braddy

George Zhou. A redescription of the whipspider Graeophonus anglicus. Supervised by Jason Dunlop and Simon Braddy.

Class of 2005

Claire Cordon. On the trial of swimming styles in extinct fish: a morpho-functional analysis of Undichna. Supervised by Simon Braddy, Nic Minter and Lance Morrissey.

Robert Crean. Praearcturus gigas: a re-diagnosis and palaeobiological re-evaluation of the largest scorpion to have lived. Supervised by Simon Braddy and Jason Dunlop.

Anthony Rawson. The phylogeny of the trilobite Family Encrinuridae Angelin, 1854. Supervised by Jessica Pollitt and Simon Braddy

James Tarver. Trilobite collector curves and their implications for Palaeozoic marine diversity. Collector curves and the completeness of the trilobite fossil record: stratigraphic, geographic and taxonomic comparisons. Supervised by Simon Braddy

Matthew Vrazo. Testing the eurypterid "Mass-Moult-Mate" hypothesis. Supervised by Simon Braddy.

3. Selected publications [[PDF] indicates pdf available on request]

Bertling M., Braddy, S.J., Bromley, R.G., Demathieu, G.D, Mikulás, R., Nielsen, J.K., Nielsen, K.S.S., Rindsberg, A. K., Schlirf, M., and Uchman, A. In press. Names for trace fossils: a uniform approach. Lethaia.

Falcon-Lang, H., Benton, M., Braddy, S.J. and Davies, S.J. 2006. The Pennsylvanian tropical biome reconstructed from the Joggins Formation of Nova Scotia, Canada. Journal of the Geological Society, 163, 561-576. [PDF]

Minter, N.J. and Braddy, S.J. In press 2006. The fish and amphibian swimming traces Undichna and Lunichnium, with examples from the Lower Permian of New Mexico, USA. Palaeontology.

Minter, N.J. and Braddy, S.J. In press 2006. Walking and jumping with Palaeozoic apterygote insects. Palaeontology.

Morrissey, L.B., Janvier, P., Braddy, S.J., Bennett, J.P., Tarrant, P.R. and Marriott, S.B. 2006. Swimming with ... Devonian fish. Geology Today, 22 (2), 66-67.

Braddy, S.J. 2005. One small step for a bug ... a giant leap for life. Re:search, 9, 13. [PDF]

Lucas, S.G., Minter, N.J., Spielmann, J.A., Hunt, A.P. and Braddy, S.J. 2005. Early Permian ichnofossil assemblage from the Fra Cristobal Mountains, southern New Mexico. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin, 31, 140-150. [PDF]

Lucas, S.G., Minter, N.J., Spielmann, J.A., Smith, J.A. and Braddy, S.J. 2005. Early Permian ichnofossils from the northern Caballo Mountains, Sierra County, New Mexico. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin, 31, 151-162. [PDF]

Moore, R.A. and Braddy, S.J. 2005. A glyptocystitid cystoid affinity for the putative stem group chelicerate (Arthropoda: Aglaspidida or Xiphosura) Lemoneites from the Ordovician of Texas, U.S.A. Lethaia, 38, 293-296. [PDF]

Moore, R. A., Briggs, D. E. G., Braddy, S. J., Anderson, L. A., Mikulic, D. G. and Kluessendorf, J. 2005. A new synziphosurine from the Late Llandovery Waukesha Lagerstätte, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Journal of Paleontology, 79, 242-250. [PDF]

Stott, C.A., Tetlie, O.E., Braddy, S.J., Nowlan, G.S., Glasser, P.M., and Devereux, M.G. 2005. A new eurypterid (Chelicerata) from the uppermost Ordovician of Manitoulin Island, Ontario, Canada. Journal of Paleontology 79, 1166-1174. [PDF]

Braddy, S.J. 2004. Ichnological evidence for the arthropod invasion of land. In: Webby, B. D., Mángano, M. G. and Buatois, L. A. (eds.) Trace fossils in evolutionary palaeoecology. Fossils and Strata Special Issue, 51, 136-140. [PDF]

Braddy, S.J. and Clarkson, E.N.K. (eds) 2004. Chelicerate Palaeobiology and Evolution. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences Special Issue. 94, pp. 169-281.

Braddy, S.J. and Clarkson, E.N.K. 2004. Preface. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 94, v-vi. [PDF]

Braddy, S.J., Tollerton, V.P.Jr., Racheboeuf, P.R., and Schallreuter, R. 2004. Eurypterids, phyllocarids and ostracodes. 255 – 265. In: Webby, B.D., Droser, M.L. and Paris, F. (eds.). The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. New York, Columbia University Press.

Cotton, T.J. and Braddy, S.J. 2004. The phylogeny of arachnomorph arthropods and the origin of the Chelicerata. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 94, 169-193. [PDF]

Dunlop, J.A., Anderson, L.I., and Braddy, S.J. 2004. A redescription of Chasmataspis laurencii Caster & Brooks, 1956 (Chelicerata: Chasmataspidida) from the Middle Ordovician of the Tennessee, USA, with remarks on chasmataspid phylogeny. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 94, 207-225. [PDF]

Genise, J. F., Bertling M., Braddy, S. J., Bromley, R. G., Mikulás, R., Nielsen, K. S. S, Rindsberg, A. K., Schlirf, M. and Uchman, A. 2004. Comments on the draft proposal to amend the Code with respect to trace fossils: Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 61, 35-37.

Morrissey, L.B. and Braddy, S.J. 2004. Terrestrial trace fossils from the Lower Old Red Sandstone, southwest Wales. In: Williams, B.P.J., Hillier, R. D. and Marriott, S.B. (eds), The Lower Old Red Sandstone of the Anglo-Welsh Basin. Geological Journal Special Issue, 39, 315-336. [PDF]

Morrissey, L.B., Braddy, S.J., Bennett, J.P., Marriott, S.B. and Tarrant, P.R. 2004. Fish trails from the Lower Old Red Sandstone of Tredomen quarry, Powys, southeast Wales. In: Williams, B.P.J., Hillier, R. D. and Marriott, S.B. (eds), The Lower Old Red Sandstone of the Anglo-Welsh Basin. Geological Journal Special Issue. 39, 337-358. [PDF]

Pollitt, J. R., Braddy, S. J. and Dunlop, J. A. 2004. The phylogenetic position of the extinct arachnid order Phalangiotarbida Haase, 1890, with reference to the fauna from the Writhlington Geological Nature Reserve (Somerset, UK). Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 94, 243-259. [PDF]

Tetlie, O.E., and Braddy, S.J. 2004. The first Silurian chasmataspid, Loganamaraspis dunlopi gen. et sp. nov. (Chelicerata: Chasmataspidida) from Lesmahagow, Scotland, and its implications for eurypterid phylogeny. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 94, 227-234. [PDF]

Tetlie, O.E., Braddy, S.J., Butler, P.D. and Briggs, D.E.G. 2004. A new eurypterid (Chelicerata: Eurypterida) from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia, with a review of the Rhenopteridae. Palaeontology, 47, 801-809. [PDF]

Weber, B. and Braddy, S.J. 2004. A marginal marine ichnofauna from the Blaiklock Glacier Group (?Lower Ordovician) of the Shackleton Range, Antarctica. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 94, 1-20. [PDF]

Braddy, S.J., Morrissey, L.B., and Yates, A.M. 2003. Amphibian swimming traces from the Lower Permian of southern New Mexico. Palaeontology, 46, 671-683. [PDF]

Lane, A.A., Braddy, S.J., Briggs, D.E.G., and Elliott, D.K. In press 2003. A new trace fossil from the Middle Cambrian of the Grand Canyon, Arizona. Palaeontology. [PDF]

Smith, A., Braddy, S.J., Marriott, S.B., and Briggs, D.E.G. 2003. Arthropod trackways from the Early Devonian of South Wales: a functional analysis of producers and their behaviour. Geological Magazine, 140, 63-72. [PDF]

Dunlop, J. A., Braddy, S. J. and Tetlie, O. E. 2002. The Early Devonian eurypterid Grossopterus overathi (Gross, 1933) from Overath, Germany. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin: Geowissenschaftliche Reihe, 5, 93-104. [PDF]

Braddy, S.J. and Briggs, D.E.G. 2002. New Lower Permian nonmarine arthropod trace fossils from New Mexico and South Africa. Journal of Paleontology, 76, 546-557. [PDF]

Braddy, S.J., Selden, P.A., and Doan Nhat, T. 2002. A new carcinosomatid eurypterid from the Upper Silurian of northern Vietnam. Palaeontology, 45, 897-915. [PDF]

Burrow, C.J., Braddy, S.J., and Douglas, J. 2002. Pterygotid eurypterid chelicera from the Lower Devonian of Victoria. Alcheringa, 25, 263-268.

MacNaughton, R.B., Cole, J.M., Dalrymple, R.W., Braddy, S.J., Briggs, D.E.G, and Lukie, T.D. 2002. First steps on land: Arthropod trackways in Cambrian-Ordovician eolian sandstone, southeastern Ontario, Canada. Geology, 30, 391-394. [PDF]

McLeod, M. and Braddy, S. 2002 (8/6/2002). Invasion Earth! New Scientist, 2346, 38-41.

Braddy, S.J. 2001a. Trackways - arthropod locomotion. 389-393. In: Briggs, D.E.G. and Crowther, P.R. (eds.). Palaeobiology II. Blackwell Science.

Braddy, S.J. 2001b. Eurypterid palaeoecology: palaeobiological, ichnological and comparative evidence for a 'mass-moult-mate' hypothesis. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 172, 115-132. [PDF]

Draganits, E., Braddy, S.J., and Briggs, D.E.G. 2001. A Gondwanan coastal arthropod ichnofauna from the Muth Formation (Lower Devonian, northern India): paleoenvironment and tracemaker behavior. Palaios, 16, 126-147. [PDF]

Dunlop, J.A. and Braddy, S.J. 2001. Scorpions and their sister group relationships. 1-24. In: Fet, V. and Selden, P.A. (eds.). Scorpions 2001. British Arachnological Society.

Braddy, S.J. 2000. Eurypterids from the Early Devonian of the Midland Valley of Scotland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 36, 115-122.

Braddy, S.J. and Dunlop, J.A. 2000. Early Devonian eurypterids from the Northwest Territories of Arctic Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 37, 1167-1175. [PDF]

Braddy, S.J. 1999a (27/8/99). Cutting Edge. Times Higher Educational Supplement, 1399, 24.

Braddy, S.J. 1999b. Terrestrial trace fossils from the Robledo Mountains ichnofauna (Lower Permian) of southern New Mexico. Geoscientist, 9 (7), 5-6.

Braddy, S.J., Aldridge, R.J., Gabbott, S.E., and Theron, J.N. 1999. Lamellate book-gills in a late Ordovician eurypterid from the Soom Shale Lagerstätte, South Africa: support for a eurypterid-scorpion clade. Lethaia, 32, 72-74.

Braddy, S.J. and Almond, J. 1999. Eurypterid trackways from the Table Mountain Group (Lower Ordovician) of South Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 29 (1), 165-177. [PDF]

Braddy, S.J. 1998a. Arthropod trackways from South Africa. Geoscientist, 8(7), 4-6.

Braddy, S.J. 1998b. An overview of the invertebrate ichnotaxa from the Robledo Mountains ichnofauna (lower Permian), southern New Mexico. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin, 12, 93-98.

Braddy, S.J. and Milner, A.R.C. 1998. A large arthropod trackway from the Gaspé Sandstone Group (Middle Devonian) of eastern Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 35, 1116-1122. [PDF]

Draganits, E., Grasemann, B., and Braddy, S.J. 1998. Discovery of giant arthropod trackways in the Devonian Muth Quartzite (Spiti, India): implications for the depositional environment. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 16, 109-118. [PDF]

Dunlop, J.A., Anderson, L.I., and Braddy, S.J. 1998. A new chasmataspid (Chelicerata: Chasmataspida) from the Lower Devonian of the Midland Valley of Scotland. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 89, 161-165.

Braddy, S.J. and Dunlop, J.A. 1997. The functional morphology of mating in the Silurian eurypterid, Baltoeurypterus tetragonophthalmus (Fischer, 1839). The Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 121, 435-461. [PDF]

Dunlop, J.A. and Braddy, S.J. 1997. Slit-like structures on the prosomal appendages of the eurypterid Baltoeurypterus, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 1, 31-38.

Braddy, S.J. and Anderson, L.I. 1996. An Upper Carboniferous eurypterid trackway from Mostyn, Wales. Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association, 107, 51-56.

Braddy, S.J. 1995a. A new arthropod trackway and associated invertebrate ichnofauna from the Lower Permian Hueco Formation of the Robledo Mountains, southern New Mexico. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin, 6, 101-105.

Braddy, S.J. 1995b. The ichnotaxonomy of the invertebrate trackways of the Coconino Sandstone (Lower Permian), northern Arizona. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin, 6, 219-224.

Braddy, S.J., Aldridge, R.J., and Theron, J.N. 1995. A new eurypterid from the Late Ordovician Table Mountain Group, South Africa. Palaeontology, 38, 563-581.

Hunt, A.P, Lucas, S.G., Lockley, M.G., Haubold, H., and Braddy, S.J. 1995. Tetrapod ichnofacies in Early Permian red beds of the American Southwest. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin, 6, 295-301.

Kramer, J.M., Erickson, B.R., Lockley, M.G., Hunt, A.P., and Braddy, S.J. 1995. Pelycosaur predation in the Permian: evidence from Laoporus trackways from the Coconino Sandstone. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin, 6, 245-249.

Tong-Dzuy, T., Janvier, P., Doan Nhat, T., and Braddy, S.J. 1994. New Vertebrate remains associated with eurypterids from the Devonian Dô Son Formation, Viêt Nam. Journal of Geology (Geological Survey of Viet Nam), Series B, 3-4, 1-11.

Braddy, S.J. 1994. Eurypterids from Vietnam. Geoscientist, 4(4), 32-33.

4. Media

Featured in TV and Radio programmes relating to my research, notably “Origins: Battle for the planet” by Discovery and Channel 5 (UK), and “The Conquerors” by National Geographic TV (part of the 'Shape of Life' series), and featured in “Raising the Sea Dragon” by BBC Knowledge. Consultant on TV series by the BBC (“Sea Monsters”, “Journey of Life” [‘Land Grab’ and ‘Airbourne’ episodes, “Life in the Undergrowth” and “Walking with Monsters”) and ITV (“Prehistoric Park”). Written articles for New Scientist and THES.